Which research uses numerical data and statistical analysis?

• A. Qualitative Research
• B. Mixed Methods
• C. Reproducibility
• D. Quantitative Research

Answer: (D)

This question tests recognizing research that relies on numerical data and statistical analysis. Quantitative research measures variables with numbers and uses statistics to describe patterns, test hypotheses, and draw inferences. It often involves instruments like standardized surveys, tests, or experiments where data are numeric and can be analyzed with methods such as correlation, regression, or t-tests.

Qualitative research, by contrast, collects non-numeric data—like interview transcripts, observations, and textual materials—to explore meaning and context. Mixed methods combine numerical data with non-numeric data, using both types of analysis. Reproducibility is about whether a study’s methods and results can be repeated, not a research approach defined by data type.

So the approach defined by using numerical data and statistical analysis is quantitative research.